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PT Health Watch: Why regularly holding your urine could harm your bladder, kidneys

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Many people have, at one time or another, ignored the urge to urinate during long meetings, while travelling, standing in queues, or when toilet facilities are unavailable.

While occasional delays may not pose serious health risks, medical experts warn that frequently holding urine for prolonged periods can affect the urinary system and lead to health complications.

The urinary system comprises the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. Its primary function is to filter waste products and excess fluids from the blood and remove them from the body through urination.

Experts say most adults can safely hold urine for about three to five hours, although it is advisable to empty the bladder once the urge arises.

Urine is produced by the kidneys as they filter waste and excess water from the bloodstream before it is temporarily stored in the bladder.

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What happens when you hold urine?

The bladder is a stretchable muscular organ that expands as it fills with urine. As the bladder fills, nerve signals are sent to the brain, creating the urge to urinate. The bladder then stores the urine until a person is ready to use the toilet.

However, experts say repeatedly ignoring this urge can place stress on the urinary system and create conditions that encourage bacterial growth, increasing the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs).

Speaking with PT HEALTH WATCH, Sekeenah Odunaye-Badmus, a consultant family physician, said habitual urine retention could weaken the bladder muscles over time and affect normal urinary function.

“Habitual holding of urine over a long period of time can weaken the muscles of the bladder, which can lead to incontinence,” she said.

She explained that prolonged urine retention could also result in sediment build-up in the bladder, increasing the risk of kidney stone formation.

“This can also lead to sedimentation of urine, which can, over time, lead to the formation of kidney stones,” she added.

Ms Odunaye-Badmus further explained that the bladder is connected to the ureters and kidneys, noting that excessive urine retention may sometimes cause a backflow of urine to the upper urinary tract when the bladder becomes overly full.

According to her, repeatedly ignoring the urge to urinate may also reduce the bladder’s sensitivity to fullness signals, making it harder for some individuals to recognise when they need to use the toilet.

Common symptoms

Health experts say some symptoms may indicate complications arising from poor bladder habits.

READ ALSO: PT Health Watch: From symptoms to risks, how UTIs differ from vaginal infections

These include pain or a burning sensation during urination, lower abdominal or pelvic pain, frequent feelings of incomplete bladder emptying, sudden and intense urges to urinate, and involuntary urine leakage, also known as incontinence.

Ms Odunaye-Badmus therefore advised people not to make a habit of delaying urination, urging them to use the restroom whenever they feel the urge.

According to her, consistently waiting until urination becomes painful may increase the risk of complications affecting the bladder and urinary tract.

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Health

Health leaders to tackle Nigeria’s policy implementation gap at October conference

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Health policymakers, legislators, healthcare professionals and other stakeholders are expected to meet in Abuja in October to discuss how Nigeria can bridge the gap between health policies and their implementation.

The stakeholders will meet at the 2026 National Health Equity Conference scheduled for 13 to 15 October at the Nigeria National Merit Award House, Maitama, Abuja.

The conference, organised by OneBarrow International Limited, will focus on the theme, “From Policy to Impact: Care Coordination as the Core Engine of Health Equity.”

According to the organisers, the meeting will examine how stronger coordination across different levels of the healthcare system can improve access to care, quality of services and continuity of treatment.

The conference is expected to bring together policymakers, legislators, healthcare regulators, development partners, professional bodies, healthcare practitioners, civil society organisations, patient and community groups, academics and private sector representatives.

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The Minister of Health and Social Welfare, Muhammad Pate, is listed as the Chief Host, while the Chairman of the House Committee on Health Services, Amos Magaji, and the Minister of Education, Tunji Alausa, are expected to attend as Special Guests of Honour.

Policy implementation

The Chief Executive Officer of OneBarrow International Limited, Yemi Ajao, said the conference would focus on how existing health policies and frameworks could be translated into action.

“​​Nigeria has developed important health policies and frameworks, but the real test is what happens when those policies reach the people and communities they are designed to serve,” Mr Ajao said.

He said the conference would examine implementation across the federal, state and local government levels, as well as collaboration among healthcare professionals.

According to him, better coordination among doctors, nurses, pharmacists, laboratory scientists, health administrators and other professionals could help reduce fragmentation in healthcare delivery.

“Every healthcare cadre has a unique and complementary role to play. The patient experiences the health system as one system, regardless of how many professionals or institutions are involved in their care,” he said.

He added that stronger referral systems, communication and accountability would be important to improving coordination within the health system.

Health equity

The organisers said health equity would be another major focus of the conference, particularly the effect of poor coordination on people who face barriers to accessing healthcare.

The meeting will also consider the role of technology, data and citizen participation in improving accountability in healthcare.

Issues expected to be discussed include digital feedback mechanisms, transparency, access to health information and awareness of patients’ rights.

Mr Ajao said citizens should have channels through which they can provide feedback on healthcare services and participate in discussions about the quality of care.

READ ALSO: PT Health Watch: Common cancer risk factors that should not be ignored

“Citizens must understand their rights, have meaningful channels to provide feedback and be empowered to participate in conversations about the quality of care they receive,” he said.

Expected outcome

The organisers said the conference would produce a post conference communiqué and an implementation roadmap containing recommendations and commitments from participants.

They said the roadmap would be used to support policy implementation, track commitments and strengthen collaboration among stakeholders.

The organisers said the meeting would seek to move discussions beyond identifying problems to developing practical actions that can be implemented across Nigeria’s healthcare system.


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Plateau buses make face masks compulsory as diphtheria outbreak worsens

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Passengers using TinCity Metro buses in Plateau State will be required to wear face masks from Tuesday as authorities intensify efforts to contain a diphtheria outbreak that has killed at least 23 people.

The management of Plateau Express Services Group, which operates the state-owned mass transit service, announced a “no face mask, no entry” policy in a statement issued on Monday.

The directive takes effect on Tuesday, 8 September, and will remain in force until further notice.

“The Management of Plateau Express Services Group has directed the enforcement of a ‘No Face Mask, No Entry’ policy on all TinCity Metro buses, effective Tuesday, 8th September 2026, until further notice,” the statement said.

TinCity Metro buses operate across the Jos metropolis and neighbouring local government areas, including Jos South, Barkin Ladi and Bassa, providing daily transportation for residents within and around the state capital.

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The management said a limited number of face masks would be provided at designated boarding points to ease the implementation of the directive.

However, it advised commuters to bring their own masks, warning that available supplies might not be sufficient for everyone.

The company also urged passengers to comply with the directive and cooperate with its personnel when boarding the buses.

“Management appreciates the understanding and cooperation of commuters as we work together to ensure a safer public transport environment,” it said.

The directive comes amid heightened concern over the spread of diphtheria in Plateau State, with health authorities reporting a rising number of suspected cases and deaths.

The state Commissioner for Health, Nicholas Baamlong, said on Friday that 148 suspected cases had been recorded, with 23 deaths reported in the preceding two weeks.

READ ALSO: Plateau shuts schools over suspected diphtheria outbreak

Eight patients were receiving treatment at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, while five others were being treated at the Plateau Specialist Hospital, Mr Baamlong said.

Diphtheria is a bacterial infection that spreads mainly through respiratory droplets and close contact with infected people, making crowded public spaces a potential avenue for transmission.

The Plateau State Government has already introduced other measures to contain the outbreak, including the temporary closure of public and private primary and secondary schools across the state.

The face-mask requirement on TinCity Metro buses extends the containment measures to public transportation, where thousands of residents travel daily between Jos and neighbouring communities.


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