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Cholera Outbreak: 74 dead, over 7,800 cases strain Borno facilities

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A cholera outbreak has infected thousands of people and placed growing pressure on health facilities in Borno State, with 74 deaths and 7,850 suspected cases recorded in the state since early May.

In a statement issued on 9 June, the international medical humanitarian organisation Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), also known as Doctors Without Borders, said the outbreak had spread across 14 local government areas and 50 wards, citing figures from the Borno State Ministry of Health.

According to the organisation, the number of patients requiring urgent treatment has been rising since the first suspected case was reported on 1 May.

Health facilities stretched by rising admissions

MSF said it partnered with the Borno State Ministry of Health to establish a Cholera Treatment Centre (CTC) in the Ngarannam area of Maiduguri on 7 May to support the response.

Patients with suspected cholera receiving initial sstabilisationin the triage of the cholera treatment centre run by MSF in collaboration with the State Ministry of Health in Ngarannam, in Maiduguri, Borno state (CREDIT: Merel van de Geyn/MSF)
Patients with suspected cholera receiving initial sstabilisationin the triage of the cholera treatment centre run by MSF in collaboration with the State Ministry of Health in Ngarannam, in Maiduguri, Borno state (CREDIT: Merel van de Geyn/MSF)

The organisation said admissions increased rapidly in the weeks that followed, forcing an expansion of the facility’s bed capacity from 121 to 271.

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It added that a separate 20-bed Cholera Treatment Unit (CTU) had been opened in the Dalaram area of the state capital to accommodate the growing number of patients.

As of 7 June, MSF said it had treated 7,439 patients at the two facilities, averaging about 230 admissions per day.

A wide shot of patients with suspected cholera receiving treatment at the cholera treatment unit run by MSF in collaboration with the State Ministry of Health in Dalaram, in Maiduguri, Borno state (CREDIT: Merel van de Geyn/MSF
A wide shot of patients with suspected cholera receiving treatment at the cholera treatment unit run by MSF in collaboration with the State Ministry of Health in Dalaram, in Maiduguri, Borno state (CREDIT: Merel van de Geyn/MSF

The organisation added that more than 500 patients suffering from acute watery diarrhoea were admitted on 5 June alone, the highest single-day admission figure recorded since the response began.

“Every day, we see more people arriving with severe watery diarrhoea and dehydration, many of whom have travelled long distances to reach care,” said Bienfait Tombola, MSF’s project medical coordinator for the emergency response in Maiduguri.

“The collaboration between the Ministry of Health, MSF and other partners has enabled a rapid scale-up of several aspects of the response, but the continued increase in cases shows that more needs to be done to prevent transmission and ensure people can access care as early as possible,” he said.

Vaccination, water access key to containment

Beyond treating patients, MSF said it is supporting healthcare worker training, establishing oral rehydration points in affected communities, conducting health promotion activities, strengthening disease surveillance and referral systems, and supporting water chlorination and sanitation interventions.

MSF infection prevention and control manager James Moriea standing at the entrance of the wards of the cholera treatment centre run by MSF in collaboration with the State Ministry of Health in Ngarannam, in Maiduguri, Borno state. ©Merel van de Geyn/MSF
MSF infection prevention and control manager James Moriea standing at the entrance of the wards of the cholera treatment centre run by MSF in collaboration with the State Ministry of Health in Ngarannam, in Maiduguri, Borno state (CREDIT: Merel van de Geyn/MSF

However, the organisation warned that the scale and speed of the outbreak continue to exceed current response capacity.

MSF noted that cholera and other water-borne diseases thrive in communities with inadequate access to clean water, sanitation facilities, hygiene infrastructure and healthcare services, particularly in informal settlements.

READ ALSO: Cholera kills 37 in Borno, endangers 3,000 lives

Mr Tombola said a cholera vaccination campaign planned by the Ministry of Health could help reduce transmission. Still, it stressed that long-term investments in water, sanitation and hygiene infrastructure remain critical.

“While treatment is essential to save lives, a cholera vaccination is foreseen to be conducted by the Ministry of Health, and this would help cut the chains of transmission,” he said.

“Sustainable improvements in access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene are equally critical to reducing transmission and preventing risks of a continued surge in cases of waterborne diseases.”

MSF said it would continue supporting the Borno State Ministry of Health and other partners in efforts to contain the outbreak and provide lifesaving care to affected communities.


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Health

Lagos issues hotels, clubs, establishments preventive hygiene guidelines against Ebola outbreak

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The Lagos State Safety Commission has directed hotels, nightclubs, event centres, lounges, restaurants and other hospitality businesses across the state to strengthen hygiene and safety measures following the Ebola outbreak reported in parts of Central and East Africa.

The commission, however, stressed that there is currently no confirmed case of Ebola in Lagos or anywhere in Nigeria, noting that the advisory is a precautionary measure aimed at protecting residents and visitors.

The directive comes amid intensified biosecurity screening by the federal government at the Murtala Muhammed International Airport as authorities seek to prevent the importation of the virus.

The latest advisory also follows recent efforts by Lagos health authorities to assess the state’s preparedness for any potential outbreak.

Officials have inspected screening and emergency response facilities at the Murtala Muhammed International Airport, Ikeja, Lagos, saying the exercise was aimed at strengthening surveillance and ensuring rapid response capacity while maintaining that Nigeria has not recorded any Ebola case.

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In a statement on Tuesday, the Director-General of the Lagos State Safety Commission, Lanre Mojola, said the state’s position as Nigeria’s commercial hub and a major international gateway makes it necessary to adopt proactive measures against potential public health threats.

“The Commission strongly emphasises that there is currently no confirmed case of Ebola within Lagos State or Nigeria; however, the city’s status as a major international travel hub and commercial epicentre necessitates immediate, proactive measures to safeguard residents and visitors alike,” the statement stated.

According to the commission, operators of high-density public venues, including hotels, nightclubs, event centres, lounges and restaurants, should lead efforts to prevent possible transmission because of the close-contact nature of their operations.

To that end, it enjoined all establishments to significantly increase the frequency of cleaning and disinfection routines, utilising hospital-grade disinfectants on all high-touch surfaces such as countertops, door handles, handrails, menus, and payment terminals.

It also urged management teams to properly train front-of-house, housekeeping, and security personnel to recognise early symptoms of illness, implement daily health checks for staff, and enforce a strict stay-at-home policy for any employee exhibiting signs of fever.

The advisory also requires hospitality establishments to designate temporary, well-ventilated isolation areas where patrons or staff who suddenly become seriously ill can be kept safely while awaiting medical evacuation.

In addition, venue operators were advised to manage crowd sizes to prevent excessive overcrowding and ensure adequate ventilation in enclosed spaces.

Mr Mojola called on operators to remain calm, vigilant and fully cooperative, adding that safety inspectors would intensify routine compliance and support visits across the state.

He also directed that any suspected medical emergency involving severe fever or illness should be immediately isolated and reported through the Lagos State health emergency hotlines: 08023169485, 08033565529 or 07000SAFETY.

The advisory follows growing concern over the Ebola outbreak in parts of Central and East Africa. According to an NBC report, more than 40 people have died in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda, where health authorities and international aid agencies are working to contain the spread of the disease.

The World Health Organisation has described the current Bundibugyo strain of the virus as “a severe and often fatal form” of Ebola.

The WHO and the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention reported 43 confirmed deaths across the two countries as of 30 May, comprising 42 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and one in Uganda. The agencies also said 349 suspected deaths had been recorded.

READ ALSO: WHO raises Ebola risk level as DRC outbreak worsens, reports new hantavirus cases

According to the WHO, Ebola is believed to originate from fruit bats and can spread to humans through contact with bodily fluids or secretions from infected wildlife.

Nigeria’s response is informed by its successful containment of the 2014 Ebola outbreak, which began after an infected traveller arrived in Lagos and was halted through aggressive surveillance, contact tracing and public health interventions.

Health authorities say the experience strengthened the country’s disease surveillance and emergency response systems, which are now being deployed as a precaution against the latest regional outbreak.

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Tinubu establishes Ebola task force, approves ₦10bn for preparedness

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President Bola Tinubu has approved the establishment of a Presidential Task Force on Ebola Virus Disease Preparedness and Emerging Public Health Threats.

The president also ordered the immediate release of ₦10 billion for emergency preparedness.

The fund is expected to strengthen the operational readiness of the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) and support critical national public health emergency response activities.

This was contained in a statement issued on Tuesday in Abuja by the presidential spokesperson, Bayo Onanuga.

The Presidential Task Force will be chaired by the Chief of Staff to the President, Femi Gbajabiamila, with membership drawn from relevant Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) as well as state representatives.

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The approval followed a high-level stakeholder meeting convened by the Chief of Staff to assess Nigeria’s preparedness and develop strategies against the possible importation of Ebola into the country.

The meeting was attended by representatives of the Ministry of Interior, the Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN), the Nigeria Immigration Service (NIS), the Nigerian Civ88il Aviation Authority (NCAA), the Lagos State Government and other key stakeholders.

Mr Tinubu also directed all states hosting international airports and border corridors, as well as relevant MDAs, to submit their preparedness plans, funding requirements and intervention needs for coordinated implementation.

The president approved a series of immediate measures to strengthen surveillance and response mechanisms across the country.

These include intensified passenger screening at all international airports through enhanced temperature checks and crowd-control protocols.

Other measures include increased monitoring of passengers arriving through designated high-risk airline routes, including Air Uganda, RwandAir, Air Tanzania, TAAG Angola Airlines, Kenya Airways and Ethiopian Airlines.

The task force is also to ensure the immediate activation of referral and isolation centres at the international airports in Lagos and Abuja, with similar facilities to be established at other airports.

In addition, a QR code-based pre-arrival health declaration system will be activated for passengers arriving from or transiting through designated high-risk countries.

READ ALSO: WHO urges Uganda to reconsider Congo border closure over Ebola outbreak

The government also approved the disinfection of departure halls, baggage areas, cargo sections and other airport facilities as precautionary environmental measures.

Mr Tinubu further directed the advisory group to consult with security, diplomatic and aviation authorities on measures to regulate flights from affected and designated high-risk countries.

The task force is expected to designate specific airports or terminals for high-risk flights to facilitate controlled screening, isolation and response procedures.

It will also consider adjusting flight schedules where necessary to minimise interaction between high-risk passengers and other travellers.

Mr Onanuga said the measures were part of proactive efforts by the federal government to safeguard public health and strengthen the country’s emergency response capacity against emerging disease threats. (NAN)


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