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Ebola: DRC gets 70,000 Ervebo vaccine doses as Bundibugyo outbreak worsens

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The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has received an initial allocation of 70,000 doses of the Ervebo Ebola vaccine to support the response to the ongoing Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak.

The World Health Organisation (WHO) and the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) disclosed this in a joint statement on Thursday.

The allocation followed a request by the DRC government last week for vaccines from the global Ebola virus disease vaccine stockpile managed by the International Coordinating Group on Vaccine Provision (ICG).

Of the 70,000 doses, 20,000 will be used in a Phase III clinical trial to assess whether Ervebo can protect against Bundibugyo virus, while the remaining 50,000 doses will be administered to frontline and health workers in line with recommendations by the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunisation (SAGE).

Why the vaccine is being tested

The decision to use part of the allocation in a clinical trial reflects the uncertainty surrounding the effectiveness of Ervebo against Bundibugyo virus.

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Ervebo is a licensed vaccine recommended for use during outbreaks caused by the Zaire species of Ebola virus. The current outbreak in the DRC, however, is caused by Bundibugyo virus, a different species of the Ebola virus.

WHO said it is not yet known whether Ervebo can protect humans against Bundibugyo virus, although early laboratory and animal studies suggest that it may provide some protection.

The Phase III trial is therefore expected to generate evidence on whether the vaccine can offer protection against the virus and help guide future decisions on its use during similar outbreaks.

WHO said people offered the vaccine, whether as part of the trial or outside it, must be informed about the potential risks, benefits and limitations of using Ervebo against Bundibugyo virus and must provide informed consent.

Outbreak spread

According to the latest WHO disease outbreak update, 4,665 confirmed cases and 2,184 deaths had been reported as of 12 August.

The outbreak has expanded from the Mongbwalu health zone in Ituri Province to 54 health zones across six provinces: Ituri, North Kivu, South Kivu, Haut-Uélé, Tshopo and Bas-Uélé.

WHO described the outbreak as being in a phase of intense transmission and said it was the largest Ebola outbreak ever reported in the DRC.

The outbreak was declared on 15 May and has been driven by factors including population movement, insecurity, artisanal mining activities and cross-border travel involving Uganda and South Sudan.

The scale of the outbreak has consequently increased pressure on health authorities and researchers to deploy available interventions while developing tools specifically suited to the Bundibugyo virus.

Vaccine development

In July, PREMIUM TIMES reported that the first human clinical trial of an experimental Bundibugyo Ebola vaccine had begun at the University of Oxford.

The Phase I trial, known as BD-Ebov, is assessing the safety of the experimental ChAdOx1 BDBV vaccine and its ability to stimulate immune responses in healthy adults.

The vaccine was developed by the University of Oxford’s Oxford Vaccine Group and Pandemic Sciences Institute in collaboration with the Serum Institute of India and the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI).

Unlike Ervebo, which is licensed for use against Zaire ebolavirus, ChAdOx1 BDBV was specifically designed to target Bundibugyo virus.

The development of a vaccine specifically targeting the virus is considered important because there is currently no approved vaccine specifically for Bundibugyo virus.

The use of Ervebo in the current outbreak could therefore serve a dual purpose; providing protection to health workers who are at high risk of exposure while generating evidence on whether an existing Ebola vaccine can provide protection against another species of the virus.

WHO’s technical advisory group on candidate vaccine prioritisation recently recommended that Ervebo be included in a randomised clinical trial during the ongoing DRC outbreak following a review of emerging evidence on its potential cross-protection against Bundibugyo virus.

Community response

Beyond the vaccines, WHO and Africa CDC said the success of the response would also depend on the involvement of communities affected by the outbreak.

The two organisations welcomed the allocation of the vaccines and supported the DRC’s focus on a community-led approach, which they said would give communities a central role in the response.

Such an approach, they said, would help protect affected populations, save lives and contain transmission while ensuring that people receiving the vaccine understand its potential benefits and limitations.

The ICG partners are WHO, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), while Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, provides funding for the global vaccine stockpile.

WHO and Africa CDC said they remained committed to supporting the DRC government to end the outbreak while generating scientific evidence that could strengthen preparedness for future outbreaks.

READ ALSO: DRC Ebola outbreak becomes second-largest on record – WHO

Nigeria’s preparedness

The continued spread of the virus has also raised concerns beyond the DRC because of the potential for cross-border transmission.

Nigeria has subsequently heightened its preparedness, with the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) activating its Emergency Operations Centre, strengthening surveillance at points of entry and increasing monitoring across states.

The federal government also identified 21 states and the Federal Capital Territory as being at high risk of Ebola infection following a dynamic risk assessment.

State governments were urged to strengthen surveillance, isolation capacity and infection prevention and control measures.


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NARD demands prosecution over alleged assault of doctor at Abuja hospital

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The Nigerian Association of Resident Doctors (NARD) has called for the immediate arrest and prosecution of two people allegedly involved in the assault of a medical officer at Gwarinpa General Hospital, Lifecamp, Abuja.

NARD made the demand in a statement issued on Friday, following the alleged assault of a senior medical officer while on call at the hospital’s Accident and Emergency Unit on 31 August.

According to the association, a patient physically attacked the doctor and his companion following a disagreement over his clinical assessment.

The alleged assailants also threatened the doctor and his family, NARD said.

The association described the incident as unacceptable, saying it posed a serious threat to the safety, dignity and welfare of healthcare workers providing essential services to the public.

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48-hour service reduction

NARD said it supports the Association of Resident Doctors, FCT Administration (ARD-FCTA), resolution to embark on a 48-hour step-down of services at Gwarinpa General Hospital.

The action commenced at 8 a.m. on 3 September and is expected to end at 8 a.m. on 5 September.

The association said the action was in line with the North Central Caucus Guidelines for responding to assaults against its members.

NARD commended the leadership and Congress of ARD-FCTA for exercising “patience, restraint, and maturity” by giving relevant authorities a reasonable time to address the matter.

NARD demands action

The doctors’ association called on the Nigeria Police Force and other security agencies to immediately apprehend, investigate, and prosecute the alleged assailants in accordance with the law.

“Any delay in taking decisive action risks creating a dangerous precedent and further exposing healthcare workers to violence,” the association said.

NARD also urged the FCT Hospitals Management Board and other relevant authorities to strengthen security across healthcare facilities, particularly Accident and Emergency Units.

It said improved security was necessary to protect healthcare workers, patients and hospital property.

The association expressed solidarity with the affected doctor and his family, assuring its members that it remained committed to protecting their safety, dignity and welfare.

ALSO READ: Assault on doctor triggers fresh strike at teaching hospital, months after EFCC controversy

“Violence against healthcare workers is unacceptable,” NARD said, stressing that doctors must be allowed to perform their duties in a safe and secure environment.

Recent case

The incident comes amid renewed concerns over violence against healthcare workers and its impact on hospital services.

On Wednesday, resident doctors at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital (UUTH), Akwa Ibom State, began an indefinite strike following the alleged assault of a house officer by an elderly woman at the hospital.

The Nigerian Medical Association (NMA), Akwa Ibom State branch, gave the hospital management and security agencies 48 hours to identify and prosecute those responsible for the alleged assault.

The Uyo action followed another disruption at the same hospital in May, when doctors embarked on an indefinite strike after an operation by officials of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) at the facility triggered controversy over alleged assault and the arrest of hospital workers.


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Yobe govt spends N360m annually on free dialysis scheme

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The Yobe State government spends about N360 million annually to provide free dialysis services at the Yobe State University Teaching Hospital (YSUTH), Damaturu, the hospital’s Chief Medical Director, Baba Goni, has said.

Mr Goni said the hospital conducts between 600 and 700 free haemodialysis sessions every month under the programme, which has been running since 2017.

He disclosed this in an interview with the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) in Damaturu on Thursday.

According to him, the hospital spends N30 million monthly on the programme.

“In dialysis, you don’t count the number of patients because one patient can have two or three sessions in a week,” he said.

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“The cost of dialysis per session in other teaching hospitals is about N50,000, excluding the cost of drugs, laboratory investigation and admission where necessary.”

Mr Goni said the state government had signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with a reputable company supplying dialysis consumables to ensure that the treatment was sustained.

He said the hospital also performed free fistula surgeries to have “vascular access” to patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

According to him, vascular surgeons are usually invited to conduct the procedure on patients while the hospital pays for the services and purchases the required consumables.

The CMD said a water treatment plant and five additional dialysis machines were recently procured, bringing the total number of functional dialysis machines at the facility to 11.

Mr Goni said that plans had reached an advanced stage to establish another dialysis centre at the Specialists’ Hospital, Gashua, the epicentre of kidney disease in the state.

He said the proposed dialysis centre in Gashua was captured in the 2026 budget to justify the commitment of the state government to the project aimed at easing the suffering of the people.

“Recently, we travelled to Ghana with the Commissioner for Health, where we negotiated with some partners to bring in these dialysis machines and train our nurses and medical engineers who will maintain them,” he said.

“Very soon, people will start enjoying these services over there, so that they don’t have to bear the inconvenience and transportation cost of coming to Damaturu for the treatment.

“I am using this medium to appeal to our people for their understanding of the complex nature of planning and implementation of government projects, which usually take some time.”

Mr Goni announced that a preliminary report on the 2025 kidney disease research, sponsored by the state and conducted in Gashua, would soon be submitted to Governor Mai Mala Buni for necessary action.

He, however, said the report would be thoroughly scrutinised before causality could be established because drawing conclusions on things that were not clear could have economic consequences.

READ ALSO: Katsina health workers to begin 7-day warning strike 8 Sept

“Sometimes the report may suggest action to be taken against the economic livelihood of the communities. We don’t want to do that if we are not fully convinced because poverty is also a problem.

“Remember, during the COVID-19 pandemic, communities were locked down, and the consequences were worse than COVID because many people could not go out to fend for their families,” he said.

Mr Goni said the state and the Urology and Nephrology Centre, Mansoura in Egypt, had, in 2018, signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for training doctors and other specialists at the YSUTH on kidney transplant.

He said although, the programme was obstructed by the COVID-19 pandemic, efforts were made to resume its implementation.

(NAN)


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