Despite the grave dangers associated with illegal mining in Plateau State, many youths involved in the risky trade say harsh economic realities have left them with little choice but to continue.
Over the past year, the state has recorded several tragic incidents linked to illegal mining. A few months ago, four young men lost their lives while others were trapped when a mining pit collapsed in Dura community, Jos South Local Government Area.
In another incident earlier in the year, a mining site reportedly belonging to a prominent politician caved in, burying several youths, including two brothers. Although there were public outcries for justice, the matter quietly faded away.
Illegal mining has also been linked to rising insecurity. In Bokkos Local Government Area, bandits attacked a group of miners, killing 12 people and injuring more than 10 others.
Official statistics indicate that in 2025 alone, over 50 youths and women have died from mine collapses and attacks connected to illegal mining. However, miners insist the actual figure is higher, as many deaths go unreported.
Government Steps In:
Concerned by the frequent tragedies and the growing security threat posed by illegal mining, Governor Caleb Mutfwang took decisive action earlier this year by signing Executive Order 001 of 2025, suspending all mining activities across Plateau State.
According to the governor, the suspension was necessary to protect the environment, tackle insecurity, and safeguard the wellbeing of citizens.
“Given the rising security concerns associated with illegal mining, we must take decisive action. All mining operations are hereby suspended until further notice,” Mutfwang declared while signing the order.
He explained that the measure was aimed at curbing illegal mining, addressing land degradation, preventing child labour, and tackling the influx of unregulated foreign miners believed to be fueling banditry, kidnapping and arms trafficking.
Ban Fails to Stop Illegal Mining:
However, the suspension has not stopped illegal mining. In areas such as Barkin Ladi and Mangu LGAs—where tin and columbite are abundant—mining continues openly.
One site in Kassa community, Barkin Ladi, operates almost like a regulated hub, attracting thousands of miners, traders and buyers from as far as Abuja and neighbouring states. Daily activities there suggest business as usual, despite the government ban.
But behind the bustling trade lies a constant risk of disaster. Collapsing pits, accidents and attacks remain everyday realities.
“We Have No Alternative”
During a visit to the Kassa mining site, PlateauReports spoke with several miners to understand why they continue risking their lives.
Their responses revealed frustration, hopelessness and a struggle for survival.
“I know this mining is illegal, but we are pushed into it because we must survive,” said Choji Dung.
“Our government has not provided jobs for the youth. Even if you want to farm, Fulani bandits will not allow you. So what do we do?”
Another miner, Sam Pam, said poverty left him with no option.
“I know it is dangerous, but I have to feed my family. I cannot steal, so this is the only thing I can do.”
For Samuel Bitrus , a university graduate, illegal mining has become a last resort.
“I have a B.Sc in Business Administration. I graduated seven years ago and have not found a job. I have a wife, three children and aged parents to care for. How do I survive if I don’t do this?”
He admitted knowing the risks but insisted survival comes first.
“Life is about taking risks to survive.”
Tom Damap recounted painful personal experiences.
“I have seen a pit collapse on my friends and bury all five of them alive. Anytime I leave home, I tell my wife to expect two things: either I return alive or they bring my dead body.”
Yet he remains undeterred.
“There are no jobs anywhere. This is the only way to survive.”
Others expressed similar sentiments.
A Complex Challenge
The plight of these youths highlights the difficult balance between enforcing the law and addressing unemployment and poverty.
While the government insists the ban is necessary to save lives and restore order, many miners believe it ignores their economic reality.
As illegal mining continues to thrive across Plateau State, the question remains: how can authorities curb the deadly practice while providing alternative livelihoods for thousands who depend on it?
